A, The PENAFSIRAN ABDURAHMAN AS-SA’DI TENTANG MATI SYAHID DALAM TAFSĪR TAYSĪR AL-KARĪM AR-RAHMĀN FĪ TAFSĪR KALĀM AL-MANNĀN

Abstract

 The focus of this research problem is the concept of martyrdom according to Abdurahman As-Sa'di, which some in society and even academics often misunderstand as simply someone who dies in war. As a result, some justify violent acts such as suicide bombings in pursuit of the title of martyr. However, the meaning of martyrdom is broader, one example being death in the pursuit of knowledge. Linguistically, a shahid means someone who witnesses or clearly knows, both physically and spiritually, including in legal contexts, and someone who dies in the struggle to defend religion (a martyr). Therefore, martyrdom is not simply death on the battlefield, but the highest form of loyalty and sacrifice for the truth. Killing innocent people in the name of religion does not reflect the true meaning of shahid in Islam.

           The problem formulation in this study is: how did he interpret martyrdom and the criteria for martyrdom. This study uses a library research method, with the main source being Tafsīr Taysīr al-Karīm ar-Rahmān fī Tafsīr Kalām al-Mannān by Abdurrahman As-Sa’di. The focus of the research is limited to the verses of the Qur’an that discuss martyrdom. The secondary data sources include tafsir books, books, and other references relevant to the topic of this research. In this process, the author first determines the figure being studied, then collects and selects data, especially from the works of Abdurrahman As-Sa’di. The data is analyzed carefully and uses a descriptive method, in order to understand the interpretation of verses about martyrdom accordingtoAbdurrahmanAs-Sa’diinhitafsir.  The results of this research: concluded that Abdurahman As-Sa'di mentioned in his interpretation 5 criteria for people who died as martyrs. First  QS. Al-Hajj verse 7, Q.s At-Taubah verse 111, and Q.s Al-Baqarah verse 154 (those who died while preaching in the way of Allah), secondly, QS. At-Taubah verse 122 (who died while seeking knowledge), third, QS. Ali-Imran' verse 169, Q.s Ali-Imran verse 140, and Q.s An-Nisa verse 72 (who died in battle defending Allah's religion), fourth, QS. An-Nisa Verse 69 (who lives a life in complete obedience to Allah and the Messenger until the end of his life). And the fifth is Q.s At-Taubah Verse 41 (as well as those who died while defending their homeland from colonialism and tyrannical oppression). based on the understanding of the figure Abdurahman As-Sa'di in his interpretation Taysīr Al-Karīm Ar-Rahmān Fī Tafsīr Kalām Al-Mannān which the author included in the thesis after reading and researching the interpretation.

Keywords: Interpretation, Abdurahman As-Sa’di, Martyrdom